使用雨水回收系統的四大優勢

　  雨(yu)(yu)(yu)水回(hui)(hui)收系(xi)(xi)(xi)統就是雨(yu)(yu)(yu)水收集(ji)(ji)后(hou)重(zhong)新(xin)回(hui)(hui)用(yong)(yong)，達到(dao)一定標準又可(ke)以滿足下滲要求時，將雨(yu)(yu)(yu)水通過管道輸送到(dao)室外雨(yu)(yu)(yu)水管道系(xi)(xi)(xi)統。雨(yu)(yu)(yu)水回(hui)(hui)用(yong)(yong)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統是城市(shi)雨(yu)(yu)(yu)水利(li)(li)(li)(li)用(yong)(yong)的(de)重(zhong)要組成部分，能(neng)夠充(chong)分利(li)(li)(li)(li)用(yong)(yong)城市(shi)中(zhong)雨(yu)(yu)(yu)水量、緩解城市(shi)內(nei)澇(lao)、減(jian)少城市(shi)內(nei)澇(lao)負荷、提高(gao)城市(shi)排水系(xi)(xi)(xi)統抵御暴雨(yu)(yu)(yu)能(neng)力(li)、降低(di)城市(shi)地面徑(jing)流(liu)污染、減(jian)輕(qing)城市(shi)洪澇(lao)災(zai)害等社(she)會經濟效益。雨(yu)(yu)(yu)水回(hui)(hui)收系(xi)(xi)(xi)統目(mu)前雨(yu)(yu)(yu)水回(hui)(hui)收利(li)(li)(li)(li)用(yong)(yong)主要有三種(zhong)形式：雨(yu)(yu)(yu)水利(li)(li)(li)(li)用(yong)(yong)和(he)雨(yu)(yu)(yu)水滲流(liu)利(li)(li)(li)(li)用(yong)(yong)、雨(yu)(yu)(yu)水溢流(liu)與(yu)雨(yu)(yu)(yu)水收集(ji)(ji)利(li)(li)(li)(li)用(yong)(yong)和(he)雨(yu)(yu)(yu)水回(hui)(hui)灌利(li)(li)(li)(li)用(yong)(yong)。

　　"雨(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)利(li)用(yong)(yong)和雨(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)滲(shen)(shen)流利(li)用(yong)(yong)"是指(zhi)雨(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)回收(shou)利(li)用(yong)(yong)系統中最基本、最重(zhong)要也是最常(chang)用(yong)(yong)到的一種(zhong)用(yong)(yong)途和功能：雨(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)回收(shou)利(li)用(yong)(yong)主要用(yong)(yong)于污(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)處(chu)(chu)理及各種(zhong)雨(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)管道滲(shen)(shen)漏處(chu)(chu)理；雨(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)滲(shen)(shen)流與(yu)雨(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)收(shou)集(ji)利(li)用(yong)(yong)相(xiang)結(jie)合；雨(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)徑流與(yu)雨(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)收(shou)集(ji)利(li)用(yong)(yong)相(xiang)結(jie)合；雨(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)滲(shen)(shen)流與(yu)雨(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)口設置及雨(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)利(li)用(yong)(yong)等；雨(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)滲(shen)(shen)漏與(yu)雨(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)收(shou)集(ji)利(li)用(yong)(yong)相(xiang)結(jie)合；雨(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)溢流與(yu)廢水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)回用(yong)(yong)；積水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)處(chu)(chu)理與(yu)城市(shi)景觀(guan)生態(tai)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)環境(jing)工(gong)程(cheng)建設相(xiang)結(jie)合；污(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)滲(shen)(shen)流與(yu)雨(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)滲(shen)(shen)透等。

　　1、建筑小區，應盡量減少(shao)屋(wu)頂綠化(hua)。

　　因為屋頂(ding)(ding)(ding)綠(lv)化(hua)效應就是增加建筑(zhu)的高度，從而加大了建筑(zhu)的自重，會(hui)降(jiang)低(di)建筑(zhu)物的承載能(neng)力。屋頂(ding)(ding)(ding)綠(lv)化(hua)會(hui)將(jiang)屋頂(ding)(ding)(ding)表面(mian)的水(shui)分帶進空(kong)氣中，造(zao)成(cheng)空(kong)氣干燥(zao)的同時(shi)降(jiang)低(di)了建筑(zhu)物的蒸(zheng)發量(liang)。因此不利于建筑(zhu)屋頂(ding)(ding)(ding)保溫性(xing)能(neng)的提高。同時(shi)由于立體綠(lv)化(hua)容(rong)(rong)易(yi)破(po)壞土壤環(huan)境，在(zai)大雨來臨時(shi)還(huan)容(rong)(rong)易(yi)造(zao)成(cheng)屋面(mian)積水(shui)。同時(shi)屋頂(ding)(ding)(ding)綠(lv)化(hua)還(huan)會(hui)影響到建筑(zhu)物的使(shi)(shi)用壽(shou)(shou)命，長期下去(qu)會(hui)使(shi)(shi)建筑(zhu)物出現(xian)墻體開裂問(wen)題。如果屋頂(ding)(ding)(ding)出現(xian)問(wen)題，將(jiang)影響建筑(zhu)使(shi)(shi)用壽(shou)(shou)命，所(suo)以(yi)對于建筑(zhu)小區是不能(neng)進行屋頂(ding)(ding)(ding)綠(lv)化(hua)的。

　　2、建(jian)筑廣場(chang)可以選用滲水(shui)磚或透水(shui)地(di)磚，還可以采用透水(shui)樁，并在(zai)屋頂設置(zhi)過濾(lv)池進行(xing)處理。

　　在(zai)建筑(zhu)廣(guang)場與屋頂均(jun)設置雨(yu)(yu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)排放口，以減少(shao)下滲(shen)(shen)雨(yu)(yu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)，降低雨(yu)(yu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)徑流(liu)污(wu)染。建筑(zhu)廣(guang)場可(ke)以采(cai)用滲(shen)(shen)水(shui)(shui)(shui)磚或透(tou)水(shui)(shui)(shui)地磚。也可(ke)以采(cai)取透(tou)水(shui)(shui)(shui)樁，并在(zai)屋頂設置過(guo)(guo)濾池進行(xing)處(chu)理。滲(shen)(shen)透(tou)樁通過(guo)(guo)不同孔徑的透(tou)水(shui)(shui)(shui)孔將雨(yu)(yu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)滲(shen)(shen)入地下從而達(da)到雨(yu)(yu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)徑流(liu)的凈(jing)化(hua)作用建筑(zhu)物之(zhi)間形成一個小氣候。建筑(zhu)廣(guang)場和屋頂有很多雨(yu)(yu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)資源可(ke)直接(jie)用于綠(lv)化(hua)，并利用周圍(wei)土壤和植(zhi)被(bei)景觀(guan)來(lai)凈(jing)化(hua)環(huan)境。

　　3、通(tong)過滲透和(he)回用的(de)方式回灌地下水。

　　雨(yu)(yu)(yu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)滲(shen)流利用(yong)(yong)：該方式是將經過處理的(de)雨(yu)(yu)(yu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)直接回灌(guan)到地(di)下(xia)，其目的(de)是為了提高雨(yu)(yu)(yu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)滲(shen)透(tou)能力，使其進(jin)入地(di)下(xia)水(shui)(shui)(shui)源(yuan)。其優點(dian)是對(dui)(dui)地(di)下(xia)水(shui)(shui)(shui)源(yuan)的(de)污染最小、不(bu)會對(dui)(dui)地(di)下(xia)水(shui)(shui)(shui)源(yuan)造成污染；缺點(dian)是需(xu)要(yao)一(yi)定(ding)的(de)投資與運(yun)(yun)行(xing)費(fei)用(yong)(yong)，回灌(guan)成本較高。雨(yu)(yu)(yu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)回灌(guan)工程：通過透(tou)水(shui)(shui)(shui)法(fa)(fa)(fa)或(huo)滲(shen)水(shui)(shui)(shui)法(fa)(fa)(fa)回灌(guan)地(di)下(xia)水(shui)(shui)(shui)。由于滲(shen)水(shui)(shui)(shui)法(fa)(fa)(fa)運(yun)(yun)行(xing)費(fei)用(yong)(yong)較高，所以目前(qian)僅(jin)有少部分大中型城市采用(yong)(yong)了透(tou)水(shui)(shui)(shui)法(fa)(fa)(fa)或(huo)滲(shen)水(shui)(shui)(shui)法(fa)(fa)(fa)。

　　4、一些地(di)勢較(jiao)高的建筑小區在屋頂綠地(di)中設有雨水(shui)集(ji)水(shui)池(chi)或者采用雨水(shui)貯水(shui)池(chi)，將城市(shi)中雨污(wu)水(shui)收集(ji)起來，再(zai)經過處理后排入城市(shi)管網或用于(yu)其他用途。

　　另(ling)外(wai)，屋頂綠(lv)地(di)(di)等屋頂積水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)箱和(he)蓄水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)池在運行中會產(chan)生一些污染物(wu)，可作為(wei)(wei)景(jing)觀水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)或(huo)用(yong)(yong)于地(di)(di)下管(guan)網的補充水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)等利用(yong)(yong)，其水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)質(zhi)也相(xiang)對較好。雨水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)回(hui)用(yong)(yong)系統(tong)根據雨水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)類型(xing)的不(bu)同，主要(yao)(yao)(yao)分為(wei)(wei)收集(ji)型(xing)（蓄滲(shen)型(xing)）和(he)凈化(hua)處理(li)類型(xing)（過濾(lv)、滲(shen)濾(lv)、碳濾(lv)等）。其中儲滲(shen)雨水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)通過滲(shen)透作用(yong)(yong)將污水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)中的污染物(wu)稀釋從(cong)而(er)達到(dao)下滲(shen)要(yao)(yao)(yao)求的又(you)稱(cheng)蓄滲(shen)型(xing)；凈化(hua)處理(li)類型(xing)具(ju)有去除懸浮(fu)固體物(wu)、總(zong)氮和(he)總(zong)磷(lin)(TN)以(yi)及膠(jiao)體物(wu)質(zhi)或(huo)膠(jiao)體懸浮(fu)物(wu)等污染物(wu)，達到(dao)凈水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)以(yi)上標(biao)準(zhun)的稱(cheng)之為(wei)(wei)凈化(hua)處理(li)型(xing)；去除懸浮(fu)固體物(wu)以(yi)提高中水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)質(zhi)并達到(dao)中低水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)回(hui)用(yong)(yong)要(yao)(yao)(yao)求的又(you)稱(cheng)凈化(hua)處理(li)型(xing)。此外(wai)，對于景(jing)觀水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)等低滲(shen)出(chu)流水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)質(zhi)差或(huo)污染嚴重的降雨徑流排放雨水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)時，采用(yong)(yong)收集(ji)型(xing)。雨水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)回(hui)收系統(tong)由(you)于我國大多數城市排水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)都是沿(yan)著內(nei)街(jie)(jie)下水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)道排出(chu)，當內(nei)街(jie)(jie)下水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)道內(nei)壓力(li)大于1MPa時，將造成內(nei)街(jie)(jie)下水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)道內(nei)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)質(zhi)受到(dao)污染，影響人(ren)們的生活。